An ABA number and a routing number are essentially the same thing. Both refer to the 9-digit code that identifies your U.S. bank for transfers, checks, and direct deposits. The terms are often used interchangeably.
This guide explains the small differences between the two terms, where to find your number, and the related codes (ACH routing, wire routing) that sometimes get mixed up.
What ABA Stands For
ABA stands for the American Bankers Association. The ABA created the routing transit number system in 1910 to identify banks for paper check processing.
When a bank's website asks for the ABA number, it is asking for the same 9-digit code as a routing number.
What a Routing Number Does
A routing number identifies your bank in the U.S. payments system. It is used for:
- Direct deposit setup.
- ACH transfers (recurring bills, paycheck deposits).
- Wire transfers within the U.S.
- Paper check clearing.
Your account number is what identifies your specific account; the routing number identifies the bank.
Where to Find Your Routing Number
Three reliable spots:
- Bottom-left of a paper check (the first 9 digits).
- Inside your bank's mobile app (often under Account Details).
- The bank's website FAQ or support page.
Big banks like Chase have multiple routing numbers depending on the state where you opened the account. Always check the one that matches your account.
ACH Routing vs Wire Routing
Some banks use different routing numbers for ACH and wire transfers:
- ACH routing number: used for direct deposit, online bill pay, and most everyday transfers.
- Wire routing number: used for outgoing domestic wires.
If your bank lists both, double-check which one you need before sending. Using the wrong one can delay or reject the transfer.
International Transfers
Routing numbers are U.S.-only. For international transfers, you need:
- SWIFT or BIC code: identifies the bank globally.
- IBAN: a longer code used in many European and Middle Eastern countries.
Always confirm with the receiving bank whether they need a SWIFT, IBAN, or both.
Common Routing Number Mistakes
Easy errors that cause real problems:
- Using the wrong routing number for the state where the account was opened.
- Using the ACH number for a wire (or vice versa).
- Mistyping a digit on a direct deposit form.
- Sharing the routing number publicly without realizing it (it is on every check, but combine it with the account number and someone could attempt unauthorized debits).
Routing Numbers and Credit
Routing numbers do not appear on your credit report. They are part of the banking system, not the credit reporting system.
If you are setting up direct deposit and want to also build credit, a Self credit builder account uses ACH transfers (with your routing and account number) to set aside cash while reporting payments to all three bureaus.
Verifying a Routing Number
If you are unsure about a number, three ways to verify:
- Check the bank's official website.
- Call the bank's customer service number.
- Use the FedACH directory at FRBservices.org for ACH numbers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is the ABA number the same as the routing number?
Yes, in practice. Both refer to the same 9-digit code that identifies a U.S. bank. ABA refers to the originator of the system; routing number is the modern term banks usually use.
Does my account have multiple routing numbers?
Some big banks (Chase, Bank of America, Wells Fargo) use different routing numbers by state and may have a separate routing number for wires. Check the bank's website for the right one.
Can I use a routing number to send money?
Yes, paired with the account number. The routing number identifies the bank; the account number identifies the specific account that should be credited or debited.
Is sharing my routing number safe?
The routing number alone is public information (it is on every check). Sharing it with the account number to a payer or biller you trust is normal. Sharing both with strangers can enable fraudulent ACH debits.
